托福寫作 | 寫作語言太平淡？ 詞匯添加顯亮點(diǎn)

國內(nèi)考生托福寫作的平均分在18分左右，顯然不夠理想。不少考生在該分?jǐn)?shù)段滯留了很久，也有些不少同學(xué)洋洋灑灑寫了四五百字，分?jǐn)?shù)卻止步不前，其關(guān)鍵原因之一就在于語言太平淡。

今天我們就單從詞匯添加層面講一些簡單的技巧供大家使用。

“Providing Internet access is just as important as other services, such as building roads, so governments should offer Internet access to all of their citizens at no cost.”

詞匯添加，顧名思義，就是在原有的句子之中添加詞匯，既可以讓表達(dá)更完整，還可以秀一下自己的詞匯量。

不同于詞匯的替換(用更高級(jí)的詞匯替換原有詞匯)，詞匯添加的重點(diǎn)是在句子中添枝加葉，而盡量不改動(dòng)原文。以下是詞匯添加的三種方法：

方法 1

詞匯并列

我們在英文當(dāng)中，經(jīng)�？吹絻蓚�(gè)以及三個(gè)的并列詞匯，如

a. Young students always need opportunities, equality, and respect. 【名詞并列】

b. We should treasure and memorize our history.【動(dòng)詞并列】

c. The journey itself is fascinating and meaningful. 【形容詞并列】

d. He refused the invitation directly, coldly and relentlessly. 【副詞并列】

綜上，詞匯并列指的是兩三個(gè)單詞的并列結(jié)構(gòu)，通常用A and B, 及A, B and C的形式。這樣做的好處是可以把觀點(diǎn)闡述地更加全面，同時(shí)排比的修辭手法本身就有很強(qiáng)的說服力。

可是學(xué)生在寫作時(shí)往往止步于寫出一個(gè)單詞，而沒有意識(shí)到此處可能是詞匯并列的機(jī)會(huì)。

接下來我們用前面給出的大作文來示范一下詞匯并列的方法。

1) 名詞并列

we can get a lot of information through the Internet.

改：We can get a lot of information, advice, and entertainment through the Internet.

2) 動(dòng)詞并列

Internet, like roads, should be maintained by governments.

改：Internet, like roads, should be constructed, manage d, and maintained by governments.

3) 形容詞并列

Internet is really convenient.

改：Internet is really convenient, helpful, and indispensable.

4)副詞并列

Free Internet will greatly encourage citizens to use it.

改：Free Internet will greatly，significantly and effectively encourage citizens to use it.

有些考生擔(dān)心這里添加的詞匯會(huì)顯得重復(fù)和啰嗦，為此給出兩點(diǎn)說明：

1)添加的詞匯應(yīng)該是從另一個(gè)角度去補(bǔ)充原有詞匯，而不是一味寫近義詞;比如information和advice是不同的角度;

2)即便是近義詞也不會(huì)扣 分(但要有意識(shí)避免)，比如 greatly 和significantly，這里有強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。

方法2

名詞前加形容詞

不少同學(xué)的句子干巴巴的，一點(diǎn)修飾都沒有。

修飾具體來說有詞匯修飾和從句&分詞修飾。本篇講的詞匯添加第2個(gè)方法指的就是在名詞之前添加形容詞。

仍舊是上述大作文的例句升級(jí)↓↓↓↓↓↓

I disagree with this suggestion.

開頭段萬 能套話，可用加形容詞的方式顯得與眾不同

改：I disagree with this seemingly plausible suggestion. (貌似可信的)

This can be illustrated with the story of mine.

舉例萬 能開頭句

改：This can be vividly illustrated with the personal experience of mine.

After having his computer, Tom could learn knowledge by himself.

改：After having his own computer, Tom could learn large amounts of new knowledge by himself.

方法3

動(dòng)詞或形容詞前加副詞

同形容詞的情形一樣，不少考生的文章里幾乎沒有副詞，因?yàn)楹芏嗳丝赡懿�沒有意識(shí)到副詞的存在。

副詞可以修飾兩種句子成分：形容詞，以及動(dòng)詞。所以大家可以在使用這兩種詞匯的時(shí)候(必然會(huì)用到)考慮是否可以進(jìn)一步用副詞修飾。

Then they are likely to be addicted to Internet.

改：Then they are highly likely to be extremely addicted to Internet.

The money owned by the government is limited.

改：The money owned by the government is undeniably limited.

常用于修飾動(dòng)詞和形容詞的副詞：

Undoubtedly / definitely / surely / indeed

Extremely / dramatically / enormously / fairly

Clearly / apparently / obviously

Surprisingly / astonishingly

詞匯添加的方法不止上述三種，比如介詞詞組的添加，分詞的添加等;但掌握了上述三種詞匯添加的方法，必定會(huì)在一定程度上解決語言平淡的困境。

以下是詞匯添加三種方法的綜合應(yīng)用示例：

分論點(diǎn)：免 費(fèi)網(wǎng)絡(luò)有助于學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)

Free Internet certainly will be a significant and effective contributor to students’ study. When students and their parents need to pay for the Internet, students from relatively poor family could not afford the fee and thus lose plenty of valuable educational resources. That is a major reason why they could not possibly compete with the rich students. If internet is free, all of the students, especially the poor ones, could take full advantage of the infinite and precious online resources. Needless to say, their academic performance will be significantly benefited and enhanced.