獨孤九劍招式破解雅思閱讀 （二）“破鎖式”分解長難句篇

【鎖鏈形式一】插入語

  插入語通�？梢员欢禾�、破折號等標(biāo)點符號隔開。句子就像被符號這個鎖鏈串起來一樣，非常長。插入語的主要作用是進(jìn)行附加說明，對主干意思影響甚微。所以，當(dāng)我們發(fā)現(xiàn)句子中的插入語，并將其去除之后，句子主干意思就立刻清晰可見了。

{例} What is rather more significant is the finding that the dopamine neurons in the caudate-a region of the brain involved in learning stimulus-response associations, and in anticipating food and other ‘reward’ stimuli -were at their most active around 15 seconds before the participants’ favourite moments in the music. 詳見《劍12T7P3》第3段第1行

這個句子非常長，生僻詞匯也多，很不好理解。然而，當(dāng)我們剔除破折號之間的插入語后，會看到只要理解 that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句，這句話就理解了。

What is rather more significant is the finding that the dopamine neurons in the caudate were at their most active around 15 seconds before the participants’ favourite moments in the music.

{生僻詞匯} dopamine  多巴胺 ;  neuron 神經(jīng)元; caudate活性尾區(qū)

{從句大意} 活性尾區(qū)的多巴胺神經(jīng)元最活躍的時間，出現(xiàn)在快要播到實驗者最喜歡的音樂部分的前15秒。

【鎖鏈形式二】解除強(qiáng)調(diào)句

強(qiáng)調(diào)句用 “It is / was +… + that/who/whom +…”這個基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)鎖住了句子的主要成分。根據(jù)強(qiáng)調(diào)成分不同，大致可以分為以下四種情況：

1. 主語：①It be +人+ that/who+ …; ②It be物+that+ …

      {例} ①It was I that/who created the robot. ② It was the robot that created the program.

2. 賓語：①It be +人+ that/whom+ …; ②It be物+that+ …

      {例} It was Jason whom/that I saw at the store this morning. It is the store that I always visit.

3. 地點狀語: It be + 地點狀語+that+…

     {例} It was at the store that I saw Jason this morning.

4. 時間狀語 It be +時間狀語+that+…

     {例} It was this morning that I saw him at the store. 

下面

讓我們看一下強(qiáng)調(diào)句在雅思閱讀中的應(yīng)用

According to Meyer, it is the suspenseful tension of music, arising out of our unfulfilled expectations, that is the source of the music’s feeling. 詳見《劍12T7P3》第6段第1行

{生僻詞匯} suspenseful 充滿懸念的; tension 緊張; unfulfilled未滿足

{解除步驟}

· 第一步: 我們可以看到插入語“arising out of our unfulfilled expectations”充當(dāng)后置定語起修飾作用，是句子次要成分，可以去掉。句子縮減為According to Meyer, it is the suspenseful tension of music, that is the source of the music’s feeling.

· 第二步：…it is.... that ...這里強(qiáng)調(diào)主語suspenseful tension of music。當(dāng)再去掉這個結(jié)構(gòu)后，Meyer要證明的事情就立刻顯現(xiàn)了The suspenseful tension of music is the source of music's feeling.(音樂中的緊張懸念是音樂感情的來源。)